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High Blood Pressure
Description
High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is an abnormal condition characterized by a rise in blood pressure. Normally, the blood pressure reading is 120/80 mm Hg (mercury). However, when it rises to levels equal to or higher than 130/80 mm Hg, it is usually considered as High Blood Pressure. Consistently high blood pressure increases the risk of brain and kidney disease.
Causes
The causes for High Blood Pressure are various; the main cause may be undetermined or be one of the following:
- Genetic or family history
- Obesity
- Concomitant conditions
- High cholesterol
- High dietary salt intake
- Diabetes (raised blood sugar levels)
- Hormone problems
- Kidney disease
- Thyroid disorder
Risk factors
The following are the risk factors:
- Genetic history
- Obesity
- Stress
- Smoking
- Old age
- Excessive alcohol intake
- Unhealthy lifestyle
- Sleep disorders
Symptoms
The following are the symptoms:
- Severe and/or frequent headaches
- Fatigue
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain
- Difficulty breathing
- Irregular heartbeats
- Urine changes
Diagnosis
The diagnosis is made when a doctor examines the patient physically, checks relevant symptoms, and performs certain lab tests. Your blood pressure may be checked at two or more different occasions to make an accurate diagnose.
Management
Following is the management:
- Regular and directed use of prescribed medicines
- Light exercise
- Healthy diet
- Development of healthy habits
- Minimal or no consumption of alcohol
- Cessation of smoking
- Minimal use of caffeine
- Stress reduction
- Minimal intake of dietary salt
Please consult your doctor for further information.
When to consult a doctor?
Early diagnosis can lead to effective and successful treatment. If your symptoms do not improve within a few days, or you experience any of the symptoms mentioned above, such as an increased heartbeat or dizziness, please see a doctor.
Available Medicine for High Blood Pressure
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