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Menstrual pain
Description
Menstrual pain also known as dysmenorrhea occurs in the lower abdomen before or during the menstrual periods. It may last for 2-3 days. The nature of pain and symptoms vary in every individual, in some it may be mild and in some individuals it may be severe hampering their daily activity. Menstrual pain may be associated with nausea, vomiting, headache, lower back pain etc.
Causes
Uterine muscle makes a chemical called prostaglandin, it stimulates the uterine muscles to contract which produces pain. Other conditions which may cause menstrual pain are as follows:
- Endometriosis,
- Fibroids,
- Adenomyosis,
- Ovarian cyst,
- Pelvic inflammatory disease,
- Cervical stenosis etc.
Risk factors
Risk factors of menstrual pain include following:
- Below 30 age,
- Early puberty,
- Irregular periods,
- Obesity,
- Heavy bleeding,
- Smoking etc.
Symptoms
Symptoms associated with menstrual pain include:
- Throbbing pain,
- Headache,
- Vomiting,
- Nausea,
- Weakness,
- Lower back and leg pain etc
Diagnosis
Firstly, the doctor will take a detailed history of menstrual pain and will ask questions regarding your periods. If your doctor suspects any underlying condition that is causing then he/she will perform ultrasound, pregnancy test, laparoscopy and hysteroscopy to confirm the diagnosis and to know the definite cause.
Management
Management of menstrual pain includes the following:
- Painkillers,
- Hormonal birth control pills,
- Surgery in case of pain due to cyst, endometriosis, fibroids, polyps etc.
- Home remedies which include the use of a heating pad, taking a hot water bath, massage of the lower back, doing exercises and yoga to relax the pain etc.
When to consult a doctor?
Consult your doctor if you experience menstrual pain for the first time after the age of 25, pain is not relieved by taking OTC painkillers, fever with period, or if your pain suddenly gets worse.
Available Medicine for Menstrual pain
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