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Pharyngitis
Description
Pharyngitis is the medical term for inflammation of the pharynx. Pharyngitis is commonly referred to as “sore throat”. Pharyngitis is characterized by discomfort, pain, scratchiness in the throat, and difficulty in swallowing. The majority of cases of pharyngitis occur during the winter season.
Causes
Pharyngitis is caused by a number of viral and bacterial infections that include:
- Measles (an infectious disease characterized by fever, rash, cough)
- Adenovirus infection which is also the most common cause of cold,
- Chickenpox (itchy and pus-filled blisters on the skin),
- Croup (commonly known as barking cough),
- Whooping cough (respiratory tract infection),
- Infection caused by group A streptococci,
- Influenza (common cold),
- Mononucleosis (kissing disease).
Risk factors
Predisposing factors of pharyngitis include:
- Repeated exposure to cold and flu,
- Frequent allergic reactions,
- Sinusitis (inflammation of sinus),
- Secondhand exposure to smoke,
- People working in healthcare facilities,
- Smoking,
- Weakened immune system,
- Winters,
- Allergic rhinitis (runny and stuffy nose),
- Frequent visits to crowded places.
Symptoms
The most prominent symptoms of pharyngitis are sneezing, runny nose, headache, cough, fatigue, malaise (weakness), fever accompanied by chills, swollen lymph nodes, unusual taste, loss of appetite, arthralgia (joint pain), rash, and asthenia (tiredness).
Diagnosis
To make a diagnosis, your doctor will take your medical history, perform a physical examination of your throat that will also include lymph node examination, ask about duration, severity, and aggravating and relieving factors of your symptoms, and recommend you to get some laboratory investigations done such as throat culture and complete blood count.
Management
The first line of treatment for pharyngitis includes drinking plenty of water, saltwater gargles, nebulizing, administration of over the counter painkillers, and a lot of rest. If your symptoms remain unresolved then your doctor may prescribe you an antibiotic for 7-10 days.
When to consult a doctor?
You are advised to consult your doctor if your symptoms do not go away for several days, you have a high fever, swollen lymph nodes, or a rash (change in color and texture of the skin), no improvement in your condition, or you start experiencing trouble in breathing.
Available Medicine for Pharyngitis
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