What is this test?
This laboratory test is performed on an ascitic fluid sample to detect the presence of aerobic bacteria on the culture, and under microscope and to guide antimicrobial therapy. This test helps in finding the cause of fluid accumulation in the peritoneal space.
Why is this test performed?
This test is performed:
- To detect the presence of bacteria causing infection
- To determine the cause of infection, such as:
- Appendicitis
- Intestinal perforation (hole in the abdominal wall)
- Contamination during surgery
- Infection spread from other areas of the body.
- Why is gram staining important?
Gram staining is important to detect the presence of bacteria and identify its type and general shape.
- What are the risks of this test?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Damage to vessels and bladder from needle
- Shock
- Low blood pressure.
- How to prepare for the test?
Your doctor might ask you to empty your bladder before the test. Inform your doctor about your complete medical history especially of pregnancy, allergy, and bleeding problems.
- Is the procedure painful?
No, a numbing medicine is used to make it a painless procedure. However, pressure is felt from the needle.
- What is ascites?
Ascites is the abnormal build-up of fluid in the abdomen, usually due to a liver disease. It has the following symptoms:
- Abdominal distension
- Abdominal discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Reduced appetite
- Weight gain.
- What is Paracentesis?
Paracentesis is a procedure to remove ascitic fluid from the abdominal cavity with the help of a needle. It is used for ascitic fluid analysis and removal of excess peritoneal fluid.
Positive or negative
- Interpretation of test results:
Positive: Pathogenic organism detected and identified on culture. The bacteria is further tested for sensitivity and the appropriate antibiotic is mentioned in the reports.
Negative: No growth on culture is seen. Pathogenic organisms are absent.
You should get tested if you have the following symptoms:
- Abdominal distension
- Abdominal discomfort
- Shortness of breath
- Reduced appetite
- Weight gain.