OVERVIEW:
What is the blood group and Rh factor lab test?
A blood group and Rh factor lab test is a blood test that determines a person’s blood type and detects the presence of Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells.
Why is the blood group and Rh factor lab test done?
A blood group and Rh factor lab test is done in order to:
- Determine an individual’s blood type,
- Determine if an individual has a Rh-positive blood type or Rh negative,
- Prevent hemolytic disease (a severe condition characterized by the breakdown of red blood cells) of the newborn,
- Ensure that a patient receives the right type of blood during or after a surgery or an injury.
What does a blood group and Rh factor lab test measure?
A blood group and Rh factor lab test identifies an individual’s blood type and looks for the presence of Rh factor on the surface of red blood cells. Rh factor is an inherited protein. If your blood has this protein, then you are Rh-positive and if your blood lacks this protein then you are Rh-negative. There are 4 different blood types, and it depends on the type of antigen present in your blood.
Are there any risks associated with this test?
The risks of a blood test are minimal; however, some people may experience excessive bleeding, bleeding under the skin, infection at the injection site, and fainting or feeling lightheaded.
How should I prepare for this test?
This test does not require any special preparation.
Can I get this test done during pregnancy?
This test is safe to be done during pregnancy.
How is this test performed?
A nurse or technician will wrap a band around your arm to make your veins more visible. They will use a needle to draw several samples of blood from your arm or hand. After the draw, gauze and a bandage will be placed over the puncture site.
What is Rh factor and why is it important?
The Rh factor is an inherited protein on the surface of red blood cells. It indicates whether the blood of two different people is compatible when mixed – such as the blood of a mother and her baby at birth. If they have different blood group characteristics, it may cause problems.
If Rh factor is present, then the blood group is considered Rh-positive.
If Rh factor is absent, then the blood group is considered Rh-negative.
If the blood contains only A antigen, then the blood type is A.
If the blood contains only B antigen, then the blood type is B.
If the blood contains both A and B antigen, then the blood type is AB.
If the blood does not contain any antigen, then the blood type is O.
A blood group and Rh factor lab test is done in order to:
- Determine an individual’s blood type,
- Determine if an individual has a Rh-positive blood type or Rh negative,
- Prevent hemolytic disease (a severe condition characterized by the breakdown of red blood cells) of the newborn,
- Ensure that a patient receives the right type of blood during or after a surgery or an injury.
