OVERVIEW
What is Cholesterol –Total?
This test is performed to screen for risk of developing heart diseases. If you are at high risk of developing cholesterol get tested in every 3-5 years.
Why is Cholesterol – Total done?
Cholesterol is tested at more frequent intervals (often several times per year) when a person has one or more risk factors for heart disease. Major risk factors include:
· Cigarette smoking
· Being overweight or obese
· An unhealthy diet
· Being physically inactive (not getting enough exercise)
· Age (men 45 years or older or women 55 years or older)
· High blood pressure
· Family history of premature heart disease (heart disease in an immediate family member)
· Pre-existing heart
· Having diabetes
How is this test performed?
This test is performed on a blood sample. The blood is obtained from the vein and this is performed by a healthcare provider in the following way.
- clean the skin
- put an elastic band above the area
- insert a needle into a vein (usually in the arm inside of the elbow or on the back of the hand)
- pull the blood sample into a vial or syringe
- take off the elastic band and remove the needle from the vein
What are the risks associated with this test?
There is no significant risk associated with this test. A small bruise or mild soreness around the blood test site is common and can last for a few days. Get medical care if the discomfort gets worse or lasts longer.
Any special preparations for the test?
8-12 hours of fasting is important. Do not eat or drink anything other than water.
Can this test be performed during pregnancy?
Cholesterol is typically high during pregnancy. Women should wait at least six weeks after having a baby to have cholesterol measured.
INTERPRETATION OF THE TEST RESULTS:
- Cholesterol level below 200mg/dl is considered desirable and reflects low risk of heart diseases.
- Level between 200-239mg/dl is borderline high and usually signifies moderate risk of heart disease
- Level greater than 240mg/dl is called high and indicates high risk of heart disease
What does the test measure?
In general, healthy lipid levels help to maintain a healthy heart and lower the risk of heart attack or stroke. A general healthcare practitioner will take into consideration total cholesterol results and the other components of a lipid profile as well as other risk factors to help determine a person's overall risk of heart disease, whether treatment is necessary and, if so, which treatment will best help to lower the person's risk.
