What is this test?
This laboratory test is performed on a cerebrospinal fluid sample to detect Acid-fast bacilli such as Mycobacterium species causing infections. It involves staining and microscopic examination of the sample.
Why is this test performed?
This test is performed to detect the presence of Acid-fast bacilli such as mycobacterium tuberculosis. It helps in diagnosing AFB infections that are causing inflammation of the meninges. This test also helps in determining the progress of treatment.
WHAT DOES THE TEST MEASURES?
AFB smear helps in the diagnosis of active Mycobacterium tuberculosis infections as well as infections due to non tuberculosis mycobacteria (bacteria found in soils and water). AFB smear is less sensitive than an AFB culture.
The AFB smear test is reported in 24 hours.
- What is cerebrospinal fluid?
Cerebrospinal fluid is a colorless liquid the bathes the brain and spinal cord. It plays a very important role in cushioning the central nervous system. It also provides nutrients to the spine and eliminates waste products.
- How to prepare for this test?
Empty your bladder and bowel before the test. Inform your doctor about your completed medical history, especially of medicine such as blood-thinners and allergies.
- What are the risks of this test?
- Bleeding
- Infection
- Damage to spinal cord nerves
- Headache after the test
- CSF leakage from injection site
- Allergic reaction to anesthetic.
- Is the procedure painful?
No, a numbing medicine is used to make it a painless procedure. However, pressure is felt from the needle.
- What are the complications of tuberculous meningitis?
- Brain damage
- Seizures
- Hearing loss
- Stroke
- Increased pressure in brain.
- Which medicines are used to treat tuberculous meningitis?
- Isoniazid
- Rifampicin
- Pyrazinamide
- Moxifloxacin
