OVERVIEW
What is HLA 1 & 2?
HLA stands for human leukocyte antigen system or complex. It contains a group of proteins which are encoded (be responsible for producing) by the MHC gene complex in humans. They serve as cell surface proteins responsible for immune system regulation. In case there is any mutation (abnormality or change) in HLA genes, then it can lead to several autoimmune disorders. HLA has got class 1 and 2 which perform different functions and activate mechanisms in the immune system.
What is the HLA 1 & 2 (patient) HLA tissue typing lab test?
It is a type of genetic test which helps detect certain gene variations in the immune system of different individuals. This test is also known as HLA matching. In this case it detects donor HLA gene patterns so that it can be matched with possible recipient/patient.
Why is the HLA 1 & 2 (patient) HLA tissue typing lab test done?
The test is done:
- As it identifies which individuals can provide the safest tissue transplant like for donating bone marrow, cord blood or any other organ to a person requiring organ transplant.
- In patients requiring both potential tissue transplant and in people donating that organ/tissue. As when HLA pattern matches between both donor & recipient it helps in treating your disease successfully.
- When some people willingly volunteer to have their HLA, type included for bone marrow registry (stem cell transplantation).
- In people who are terminally ill or recently died and will serve as organ donors.
- How is the HLA typing test performed?
It requires a tissue sample with either a swab from inside the cheek or blood from vein in order to look at HLA genes order.
- What is the purpose of HLA typing?
The sole purpose of this test is to match donors and patients for bone marrow or cord blood transplants
- How long will HLA typing results take?
It takes about two to three weeks to be processed.
- How is the HLA result given?
It is shown as how many antigens match and how many antigen mismatches are present.
- What is meant by positive HLA-B27?
It means that person has got greater-than-average risk for developing or having certain autoimmune disorders.
The HLA patient tissue typing test result is mostly very complicated to read and understand. So, your doctor may just compare and tell you what HLA genes & antigens you inherit, and which donor’s HLA gene pattern will match yours for a successful organ transplant.
You get tested when there is a setting for planned transplantation to take place and you are either the intended transplant donor or recipient.