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It is also called juvenile diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes. It is defined as a serious condition in which pancreas produce insulin in minute amount or don’t produce at all. Insulin is a hormone which allows glucose (sugar) to enter cells & produce energy from it. This leads to high blood glucose levels as without insulin, sugar cannot get inside the cells & builds up in your bloodstream. There are various factors with genetics & certain viruses, that contribute to type 1 diabetes. Though type 1 diabetes will mostly appear in childhood or adolescence (that’s why known as juvenile diabetes). It may also develop during adulthood.
Type 1 diabetes is less common than type 2 with approximately 5% to 10% being diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. Various ongoing researches are still trying to find a cure for type 1 diabetes. Its present treatment mainly focuses on managing blood glucose levels with insulin, proper diet & lifestyle to help prevent complications.
There are usually several causes that contribute to the development of diabetes. Some of the following include:
Familial tendency: Diabetes tends to run in the family. You are at risk if your siblings or parents are diabetic.
Weight: Being overweight, especially around the stomach area causes insulin resistance. This means that your body cannot use this hormone properly, and blood sugar levels may rise because of it.
Excessive glucose from the liver: The liver is supposed to make and send out glucose only when your blood sugar is low. However, if the liver starts doing that when it is not needed, blood sugar rises above normal.
Cell signaling: Cells signal each other regarding how to use insulin and glucose. If these signals are not interpreted correctly, the mechanism becomes faulty and can lead to diabetes.
Beta Cells: These cells make insulin. If they do not do this in the appropriate amount, the blood sugar cannot be regulated accordingly, and this may lead to diabetes.
Certain factors may increase the risk of developing diabetes, but do not actually cause it. The following are Risk Factors that cannot be changed:
Familial tendency: Diabetes tends to run in the family. You are at risk if your siblings or parents are diabetic.
Age: Risk of diabetes increases with age, especially after 45.
Race: People of African-American, Hispanic, Native American, and Alaska Native ethnicities are at a greater risk of developing diabetes.
Some Risk Factors that can be changed include:
Some medical conditions may also contribute to development of diabetes, and should be evaluated by your physician. These include:
Its symptoms appear suddenly & include:
Its rather emergency signs include:
Its diagnostic tests include:
Its management will involve taking insulin shots, & adjusting food & activities as necessary. Also keep your blood sugar level monitored. There are various types of insulin present which is used according to the condition:
A doctor should be consulted if your blood sugar is not managed even after the prescribed medication. It is also necessary to consult a doctor about the long term complications of uncontrolled diabetes. These complications include:
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